1 %% 8:35 AM Saturday, January 6, 2024
2 %% Yukio Yoshida
3 %% Location; C:\yukio\sheet-poem.com\lilypond\2024
4 %% This is texinfo's file // TeX run==> pdf / makeinfo run===>html
5 %% So, linux running Only. // Windows-TeX does not has makeinfo.
6 %% html===>name.ly // pdf===>pname.ly
7 %% Web<===Up;html//run ./run--texi.sh
8 \input colordvi.tex
9 \font\cmbBIG=cmr10 at 60pt
10 \font\BigBf=cmr10 at 48pt
11 \font\bigcm=cmr10 at 38truept
12 \font\largcmb=cmbx10 at 14truept
13 \font\largcmbxs=cmbxsl10 at 14truept
14 \font\ninerm=cmr9
15 \font\eightrm=cmr8
16 \font\eightit=cmmi8
17 \font\eighttt=cmtt8
18 \font\seventt=cmtt10 at 7pt
19 \font\sevencmsy=cmsy10 at 7pt
20 \font\ninett=cmtt9
21 \font\ninecmsy=cmsy9
22 \font\fivett=cmtt10 at 5pt
23 \voffset -.6in
24 %%%%%%%%% Start; Texinfo %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
25 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
26
27
28 @setfilename invitation.info
29 @settitle Invitation
30 @documentlanguage en
31 @documentencoding utf-8
32 @setchapternewpage odd
33
34
35 @iftex
36 @letterpaper
37 @finalout
38 @end iftex
39
40
41
42 @titlepage
43
44 @iftex
45 @tex
46 \vskip 4pc
47 \centerline {\Red{\cmbBIG Invitation}}
48 \kern 5pt
49 \centerline {\Red{\bigcm Write a Score//Music Notation}}
50 \kern 5pt
51 \centerline {\Red{\bigcm Use LilyPond}}
52 \kern 2pc
53 \centerline {\bigcm On}
54 \kern 2pt
55 \centerline {\cmbBIG WSL}
56 %% \centerline {GNU/Linux 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft x86\_64}
57 \centerline {GNU/Linux 5.10.16.3-microsoft-standard-WSL2 x86\_64}
58 \centerline {(Windows 11 \& Linux)}
59 \vfill
60 @end tex
61 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
62 @center {8:35 AM Saturday, January 6, 2024 Vol #2-1}
63 @center writer:@ @i{Yukio Yoshida}(Japan)
64
65 @page
66
67 @tex
68 \def\MPP {M\raise 5pt\hbox{P}\kern -5pt p{}}
69 \vbox {\null}
70 \vfill
71 \moveleft 1in\vbox{\Red {\P\thinspace \it{Fierst of all; about LilyPond}}}\par
72 \kern 1pc
73 \centerline {\bf Preface(LilyPond)}
74 \smallskip
75 It must have been during a rehearsal of the EJE (Eindhoven Youth Orchestra),
76 somewherein 1995 that Jan, one of the cranked violists told Han-Wen,
77 one of the distorted French horn players, about the grand new project
78 he was working on. It was an automated system for printing music
79 (to be precise, it was \MPP{}, a preprocessor for MusiX\TeX{}. As it happened,
80 Han-Wen accidentally wanted to print out some parts from a score,
81 so he started looking at thesoftware, and he quickly got hooked.
82 It was decided that \MPP{} was a dead end. After lots of philosophizing and
83 heated email exchanges, Han-Wen started LilyPond in 1996. This time, Jan
84 got sucked into Han-Wen's new project.\par
85 \smallskip
86 In some ways, developing a computer program is like learning to play an
87 instrument. In the beginning, discovering how it works is fun, and
88 the things you cannot do are challenging. After the initial excitement,
89 you have to practice and practice. Scales and studies can be dull, and
90 if you are not motivated by others.teachers, conductors or audience.
91 it is very tempting togive up. You continue, and gradually playing becomes
92 a part of your life. Some days it comes naturally, and it is wonderful, and
93 on some days it just does not work, but you keep playing, day after day.\par
94 \smallskip
95 Like making music, working on LilyPond can be dull work, and on some days
96 it feels like plodding through a morass of bugs. Nevertheless,
97 it has become a part of our life, and we keep doing it. Probably the most
98 important motivation is that our program actually does something useful for people.
99 When we browse around the net we find many people who use LilyPond, and
100 produce impressive pieces of sheet music. Seeing that feels unreal,
101 but in a very pleasant way.\par
102 \smallskip
103 Our users not only give us good vibes by using our program, many of them also
104 help us by giving suggestions and sending bug reports, so we would like to
105 thank all users that sent us bug reports, gave suggestions or contributed in
106 any other way to LilyPond.\par
107 \smallskip
108 Playing and printing music is more than a nice analogy. Programming together is
109 a lot of fun, and helping people is deeply satisfying, but ultimately, working
110 on LilyPond is a way to express our deep love for music.
111 \Blue{{\sl May it help you create lots of beautiful music!}}\par
112 \leftline {\it Han-Wen and Jan.}
113 \leftline {Utrecht/Eindhoven, The Netherlands, July 2002.}
114 \rightline{---Excerpt from LilyPond[ver1.6-lilypond.pdf-]---}
115 \vskip 0pt plus 1filll
116 \vfill
117 \vbox{\null}
118 @end tex
119 @end iftex
120 @end titlepage
121
122
123 @ifhtml
124 @html
125 <p align="left">
126 Previous: <a href="https://www.sheet-poem.com/lilypond/index.html">dir(UP)</a> Up: <a href="https://www.sheet-poem.com/index.html">dir(TOP)</a></p>
127 <br />
128 @end html
129 @html
130 <div align="center">
131 <span style="font-size: 40px;">
132 Invitation Write a Score//Music notation<br />
133 use Lilypond<br />
134 on<br />
135 WSL<br />
136 <span style="font-size: 18px;">
137 <!--
138 GNU/Linux 4.4.0-19041-Microsoft x86_64<br />
139 (Windows 10 & windows 11 & Linux)
140 -->
141 GNU/Linux 5.10.16.3-microsoft-standard-WSL2 x86_64<br />
142 (windows 11 & Linux)
143 </span>
144 </span>
145 </div>
146 <div align="left">
147 <span style="font-size: 14px;">
148 8:35 AM Saturday, January 6, 2024 Vol #2-1<br />
149 Writer: <i>Yukio Yoshida</i>(Japan)</span>
150 </div>
151 <hr />
152 @end html
153 @end ifhtml
154
155 @ifnottex
156 @node Top
157 @ifhtml
158 @menu
159 * Concept Index::
160 * context Voice::
161 * Formatting text::
162 * context Staff::
163 * context Score::
164 @end menu
165 @end ifhtml
166
167 @node Concept Index, context Voice, ,
168
169 @unnumbered LilyPond(Sheet Music Typesetting)
170 @end ifnottex
171
172 @ifhtml
173 @html
174 <span style="color: red;">
175 <span styls="font-siza: 10px;">Fierst of all; about LilyPond</span><br />
176 </span>
177 <br />
178 <br />
179 <p style="font-size: 20.6px;">
180 <div align="center">
181 <blockquote><blockquote>
182 <table border="1"><tr><td>
183 <table border="1"><tr><td>
184 <div align="center"><p style="font-size: 34px;"><b>Preface(LilyPond)</b></p></div>
185 It must have been during a rehearsal of the EJE(Eindhoven Youth Orchestra),
186 somewherein 1995 that Jan, one of the cranked violists told Han-Wen,
187 one of the distorted French horn players, about the grand new project
188 he was working on. It was an automated system for printing music
189 (to be precise, it was MPP, a preprocessor for MusiXTeX. As it happened,
190 Han-Wen accidentally wanted to print out some parts from a score,
191 so he started looking at thesoftware, and he quickly got hooked.
192 It was decided that MPP was a dead end. After lots of philosophizing and
193 heated email exchanges, Han-Wen started LilyPond in 1996. This time, Jan
194 got sucked into Han-Wen's new project.<br />
195
196 In some ways, developing a computer program is like learning to play an
197 instrument. In the beginning, discovering how it works is fun, and
198 the things you cannot do are challenging. After the initial excitement,
199 you have to practice and practice. Scales and studies can be dull, and
200 if you are not motivated by others.teachers, conductors or audience.
201 it is very tempting togive up. You continue, and gradually playing becomes
202 a part of your life. Some days it comes naturally, and it is wonderful, and
203 on some days it just does not work, but you keep playing, day after day.<br />
204
205 Like making music, working on LilyPond can be dull work, and on some days
206 it feels like plodding through a morass of bugs. Nevertheless,
207 it has become a part of our life, and we keep doing it. Probably the most
208 important motivation is that our program actually does something useful for people.
209 When we browse around the net we find many people who use LilyPond, and
210 produce impressive pieces of sheet music. Seeing that feels unreal,
211 but in a very pleasant way.<br />
212
213 Our users not only give us good vibes by using our program, many of them also
214 help us by giving suggestions and sending bug reports, so we would like to
215 thank all users that sent us bug reports, gave suggestions or contributed in
216 any other way to LilyPond.<br />
217
218 Playing and printing music is more than a nice analogy. Programming together is
219 a lot of fun, and helping people is deeply satisfying, but ultimately, working
220 on LilyPond is a way to express our deep love for music.
221 <span style="color: blue;"><b>
222 May it help you create lots of beautiful music!</b></span><br>
223 Han-Wen and Jan<br />
224 Utrecht/Eindhoven, The Netherlands, July 2002.<br />
225 </td></tr></table>
226 </td></tr></table>
227 <div align="right">
228 <i>Excerpt from LilyPond[ver1.6-lilypond.pdf-]</i>
229 </div>
230 </blockquote></blockquote>
231 </div>
232 </p>
233 <br />
234 <br />
235 @end html
236 @end ifhtml
237
238
239
240
241 @iftex
242 @iftex
243 @headline{@sevenrm context Voice@hfill @folio}
244 @end iftex
245 @iftex
246 @tex
247 ~@vfill
248 \centerline{{\bigcm context Voice}}
249 \vskip 2pc
250 @end tex
251 @end iftex
252 @iftex
253 @center @b{Knowledge for writing sheet music(using LilyPond)}
254 @center {---LilyPond language in the description of the musical score manuscript---}
255
256 @sp 2
257 @end iftex
258
259 @iftex
260 @noindent
261 LilyPond's @Red{default is @b{to read @t{nederlands.ly}(In Netherlands notation)}} and process
262 the manuscript given. Strings such as @b{Note Names}@t{(sharp, flat ...)} in music are
263 differences between countries(cultures).@ @ It is necessary to replace it with a target flight.@*
264 Those provided by Lilypond are@*
265 ................ @t{english}.ly , @t{deutsch}.ly , @t{norsk}.ly , @t{svenska}.ly , @t{italiano}.ly ,
266 @t{catalan}.ly , @t{espanol}.ly , @t{portugues}.ly , @t{suomi}.ly , @t{vlaams}.ly ...............@*
267 These are the declaration items at @i{the start of the musical score manuscript file}
268 (described in the order below). For example,
269 @*
270 @code{\version "2.24.0"}@*
271 @code{\include "italiano.ly"}
272 @*
273 @i{Version specification}: This manuscript is written in ver2.24.0---.
274 It is a @i{clear statement} to the "lilypond processing (token)".@*
275 In music manuscript coding, lilypond's-running does not choose OS. Also
276 The ly(both old and new manuscript file) will run if it is (@i{LilyPond environment construction})@i{OS},
277 and @i{even in the latest lilypond version}, too.@*
278 @end iftex
279 @iftex
280 @hrule
281 @*
282 @end iftex
283 @iftex
284 @noindent
285 Default typesetting is output in Note(@i{quarter}) , Beat(@i{4/4}) , Clef(@i{treble}) , and
286 Major(@i{C}). Midi is created with "@i{acoustic grand}(piano)" if there is no designated instrument.
287 @sp 1
288 @end iftex
289
290 @iftex
291 @cartouche
292 @end iftex
293 @iftex
294 @noindent
295 @b{Notes}@ Scale(pitch) basic code;@*
296 @hskip 10pt " @kbd{c d e f g a b} " Scale(pitch explicit symbol)@*
297 @end iftex
298 @iftex
299 @hskip 10pt @image{h-example-1-1, 6.in,}
300 @end iftex
301 @iftex
302 @end cartouche
303 @end iftex
304 @iftex
305 @*
306 @b{Notes}@ Note value(length of note) Basic code;@*
307 " @code{ c d e f g a b } " to specify the scale,
308 specify the numerical value @code{1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128} with the subscript.@*
309 @i{Descriptions of}@ " @Red{ @code{ c4@ a'1@ g,2@ }}..... " @i{as note symbols}@*
310 @end iftex
311 @iftex
312 @*
313 @noindent
314 @b{1}(Whole)@result{}@b{2}(Half)@result{}@b{4}(Quarter)@result{}@b{8}(Eigth)@result{}
315 @b{16}(Sixteenth) ...... @hfill @*
316 @noindent
317 1=whole sound divided evenly by all sounds, the following diagram;
318 @Red{Rests are also notes}@*
319 @end iftex
320 @iftex
321 @hskip -20pt @image{h-example-2-1, 5.5in,}@*
322 @end iftex
323
324 @sp 1
325
326 @iftex
327 In Lilypond, for a note without a note value,
328 @Red{ the note value is searched before and before it }, and the note value
329 @Red{ is evaluated}@*
330 {@largcmb
331 For example; " @code{ a4 c8 d e f g r c4 } " is interpreted as
332 " @code{ a4 c8 d8 e8 f8 g8 r8 c4 } "}@*
333 @end iftex
334
335 @sp 2
336
337 @iftex
338 @center { --- \clef treble \key c\major ---- }
339 @center { As c\major @hskip 20pt notes-writing are @code{c' d' e' f' g' a' b'} }
340 @end iftex
341 @iftex
342 @hskip 100pt @image{c-major-1, 6.5in,}
343 @end iftex
344 @iftex
345
346 @sp 1
347
348 Major scale list:@*
349 @b{Cycle of 5th: UP @i{and} DOWN}(The minor scale is omitted,
350 there is nature+harmony ...so,there are many sample notations.)@*
351 @end iftex
352 @iftex
353 @*
354 @b{\clef treble \key c\major}@*
355 @end iftex
356 @iftex
357 @hskip 100pt @image{c-major2-1, 6.5in,}@*
358 @end iftex
359
360 @sp 1
361
362 @iftex
363 {@largcmb
364 @hskip -40pt @Red{\key g\major}@hskip 16pc @Red{\key f\major}}@*
365 @hskip -40pt @image{pg-major-1, 3.5in,}@qquad @image{pf-major-1, 3.5in,}@*
366 @end iftex
367
368 @iftex
369 {@largcmb
370 @hskip -40pt @Red{\key d\major}@hskip 16pc @Red{\key bes\major}}@*
371 @hskip -40pt @image{pd-major-1, 3.5in,}@qquad @image{pbes-major-1, 3.5in,}@*
372 @end iftex
373
374 @iftex
375 {@largcmb
376 @hskip -40pt @Red{\key a\major}@hskip 16pc @Red{\key ees\major}}@*
377 @hskip -40pt @image{pa-major-1, 3.5in,}@qquad @image{pees-major-1, 3.5in,}@*
378 @end iftex
379
380 @iftex
381 {@largcmb
382 @hskip -40pt @Red{\key e\major}@hskip 16pc @Red{\key aes\major}}@*
383 @hskip -40pt @image{pe-major-1, 3.5in,}@qquad @image{paes-major-1, 3.5in,}@*
384 @end iftex
385
386 @iftex
387 {@largcmb
388 @hskip -40pt @Red{\key b\major}@hskip 16pc @Red{\key des\major}}@*
389 @hskip -40pt @image{pb-major-1, 3.5in,}@qquad @image{pdes-major-1, 3.5in,}@*
390 @end iftex
391
392 @iftex
393 {@largcmb
394 @hskip -40pt @Red{\key fis\major}@hskip 16pc @Red{\key ges\major}}@*
395 @hskip -40pt @image{pfis-major-1, 3.5in,}@qquad @image{pges-major-1, 3.5in,}@*
396 @end iftex
397
398 @iftex
399 {@largcmb
400 @hskip -40pt @Red{\key cis\major}@hskip 16pc @Red{\key ces\major}}@*
401 @hskip -40pt @image{pcis-major-1, 3.5in,}@qquad @image{pces-major-1, 3.5in,}@*
402 @end iftex
403
404 @iftex
405 @sp -1
406 @center{Here,both are back. ..... The changes are now back.}
407 @center{(c\major @code{ c' d' e' f' g' a' b' })}
408 @end iftex
409 @iftex
410 @hskip 10pc @image{c-major-1, 6.5in,}
411 @end iftex
412
413
414 @iftex
415 @center{{@largcmb @Red {No matter how much \clef changes,}}}
416 @center{{@largcmb @Red {the notes description convention of}}}
417 @center{{@largcmb @Red {\key name\major and name\miner is unchanged.}}}
418 @end iftex
419
420 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
421 @page
422 @tex
423 \centerline{{\bigcm Refer \#1}}
424 \vskip 2pc
425 @end tex
426 @iftex
427 @tex
428 \centerline {\largcmb Automatic processing:}
429 \centerline {\largcmb LilyPond processing result sample(file name is pompei4.ly)}
430 @end tex
431 @sp 1
432 Create a pompei4.ly file with a text editor as shown below.@*
433 File-name;@ @t{pompei4.ly}--------------------------------------------------------
434 @verbatim
435 %% #(set-default-paper-size "letter")
436 \version "2.22.2"
437 #(set-global-staff-size 14)
438 \paper { paper-height = 48\mm
439 paper-width = 160\mm
440 page-top-space = 0.00\mm
441 top-margin = 0.00\mm
442 bottom-margin = 0.00\mm }
443 \header { tagline = \markup { \null } }
444 altoOne = { \clef alto
445 \autoBeamOff
446 %1-
447 \repeat volta 3 { \repeat volta 2 {
448 fis'2.^\markup { \column { " " \line {\hspace #-12 \teeny \italic
449 "As a feeling; like walking slowly and step by step in your heart." }}}
450 _\mp\<\( | a'4. g' | e'2. | g'4. fis' |
451 a'2. | e'4. fis'\!\) | } g'2. | } \break }
452
453 bassOne = { \clef bass
454 \autoBeamOff
455 %1-
456 \repeat volta 3 { \repeat volta2 {
457 bes,4 ces\mp^\< bes, | ges,2.\! | fes,4\mp^\< aes, ges, |
458 aes,2.\! | ges,4\mp^\< bes, aes, | fes,2.\! | } ges,2. | } \break }
459
460 %% --- get sheet music
461 \book {
462 \markup { \column {
463 \line {\hspace #8 "Passing in cemetery, We are going into a town."}
464 \line {\hspace #8 "Passing out cemetery, We are going out the town"}
465 } }
466 \score { \context ChoirStaff = "UP" <<
467 \context Staff = "Up" { \key d\major \time 3/4 \altoOne }
468 \context Staff = "Down" { \key ces\major \time 3/4 \bassOne }
469 >>
470 \layout { indent = 0.00\mm }
471 }
472
473 %% --- get midi music
474 \score { \unfoldRepeats
475 \context ChoirStaff = "UPDOWN" <<
476 \context Staff = "Up" { \key d\major \time 3/4 \tempo 4 = 62
477 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic grand" \altoOne }
478 \context Staff = "Down" { \key ces\major \time 3/4 \tempo 4 = 62
479 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic grand" \bassOne }
480 >>
481 \midi { tempoWholesPerMinute = #(ly:make-moment 62 4) }
482 }
483 \markup { \vspace #-6 \column {
484 \line {\hspace #8 "This , Our life is the same?"}
485 \line {\hspace #8 "Born to live life, Life in the dead leaves!"}
486 } }
487 }
488 @end verbatim
489 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------@*
490 Where the pompei4.ly file is,@*
491 windows OS =====> @t{lilypond --pdf --png pompei4.ly}[Enter]@*
492 Linux OS =======$ @t{lilypond --pdf --png pompei4.ly}[Enter]@*
493 When you open the created pompei4.pdf(pompei4.png), it is as follows.@*
494
495 @cartouche
496 @image{pompei4-1, 6.5in,}
497 @end cartouche
498 @*
499 As you can see; Text can be processed with @code { \markup @{ text @}},
500 whether inside @code{ \score @{.....@} } or outside @code{ \score @{.....@} }.
501 On the contrary, this @code{ \markup @{ \score @{...@}@} } is also possible,too.@*
502 "@code{\markup}" is a kind of Line Editor function,and
503 you can write pronunciation notation characters,
504 special characters,... straight and continue writing the manuscript.
505 Once you get used to it, you can also create a document(sentence only) with only
506 @code{\markup} of lilypond.@*
507 @*
508 Therefore, it is possible to display The score,a score,score-book,score-document,
509 ...etc, in pdf/paper and display only by writing the LilyPond manuscript.@*
510 @sp 2
511 What we are talking about here is the "Formatting text" inside the LilyPond environment,
512 not the "Formatting Text" outside the LilyPond environment.
513 In the outside world, there are various [Word Processors],[@TeX{}(system)],[Hypertext(system)],
514 [Ghostscript]...@ It will be a word processor for general use in paper(documentation).@*
515 @*
516 @bullet{} For example;LibreOffice/OpenOffice(open source)@*
517 If you paste it into Word Processer--musical score,sheet music,sheet music book,
518 musical score document--you can easily and easily put it on paper.@*
519 Reference==>@uref{https://github.com/OOoLilyPond/OOoLilyPond/wiki#ooolilypond}@*
520 @*
521 @bullet{} On the other hand, there is a typesetting method for converting musical scores,
522 musical scores, musical score books, and musical score documents into paper.
523 Also, there is a display specification based on HyperText.@
524 @b{LilyPond} also provides a typesetting (@TeX {})system and a program for HyperText
525 that can display the score at the document position(see usage.pdf for details)@*.
526 @end iftex
527 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
528
529 @page
530 @tex
531 \centerline{{\bigcm Refer \#2}}
532 \vskip 2pc
533 @end tex
534 @iftex
535 @tex
536 \centerline {\largcmb Automatic processing:}
537 \centerline {\largcmb LilyPond processing result sample(file name is example-4.ly)}
538 @end tex
539 @sp 1
540 Create a example-4.ly file with a text editor as shown below.@*
541 File-name;@ @t{example-4.ly}--------------------------------------------------------
542 @verbatim
543 \version "2.22.2"
544 %% #(set-default-paper-size "letter")
545 #(set-global-staff-size 16)
546 \paper{
547 paper-height = 30.00\mm
548 paper-width = 120.00\mm
549 page-top-space = 00.00\mm
550 top-margin = 0.00\mm
551 bottom-margin = 0.00\mm
552 }
553
554 \header { tagline = \markup { \null } }
555 %%%%%%%%% soprano part %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
556 soprano = { \hide Staff.BarLine
557 \autoBeamOff
558 %% 9-12
559 e''1 e''4. r8 | d''2 fis''1 | R1. | R1.
560 \undo \hide Staff.BarLine \bar "|." \break
561 }
562 sopranoL = \lyricmode {
563 \override Score . LyricText #'font-shape = #'italic
564 \tiny
565 Do -- minus te -- cum,
566 }
567
568 %%%%%%% bass; part %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
569 bass = { \hide Staff.BarLine
570 \autoBeamOff
571 %% 9-12
572 R1. | R1. | b,1 b,4. r8 | cis2 e1
573 \undo \hide Staff.BarLine \bar "|." \break
574 }
575 bassL = \lyricmode {
576 \override Score . LyricText #'font-shape = #'italic
577 \tiny
578 Do -- minus te -- cum,
579 }
580
581 %% get sheet & midi music ---------------------------------------------------------------
582 \score {
583 <<
584 %% \context ChoirStaff = "FourPartStaffaddchorus" <<
585 %% use \hide Staff.BarLine
586 \context StaffGroup <<
587 \context Voice = "soprano" { \clef soprano \key d\major \time 3/2
588 \set Staff.instrumentName = "soprano" \soprano }
589 \new Lyrics = "mainSL" \lyricsto "soprano" { \sopranoL }
590
591 \context Voice = "bass" { \clef bass \key d\major \time 3/2
592 \set Staff.instrumentName = "bass " \bass }
593 \new Lyrics = "mainBL" \lyricsto "bass" { \bassL }
594 >>
595 >>
596 \layout { }
597 \midi { tempoWholesPerMinute = #(ly:make-moment 58 4) }
598 }
599 @end verbatim
600 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------@*
601 Where the example-4.ly file is,@*
602 windows OS =====> @t{lilypond --pdf --png example-4.ly}[Enter]@*
603 Linux OS =======$ @t{lilypond --pdf --png example-4.ly}[Enter]@*
604 When you open the created example-4.pdf(example-4.png), it is as follows.@*
605
606 @cartouche
607 @hskip -40pt @image{example-4-1, 6.5in,}
608 @end cartouche
609 @*
610 context Staff@*
611 Usually "@kbd{\new Staff}"(=@kbd{\context Staff}) is the way to call the staff.@*
612 However, in example-4.ly,@*
613 it is described as "@kbd{\context Voice}"(=@kbd{\new Voice}) instead.@*
614 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------@*
615 As a rough reference, sopurano = ....lilypond code(music) description is processed
616 by calling \score {[cpu(music) processing] with \soprano.@ @ ...the(memory) stacks
617 is named soprano(Same for bass).
618 @kbd{\context Voice = "soprano"},@kbd{\context Voice = "bass"} is the name,
619 It means the associated(soprano, bass) Staff.@*
620 ..... Therefore @code{\new Lyrics = "mainSL" \lyricsto "soprano" {\sopranoL}} holds.
621 The lyrics of sopranoL are called into \score {with \sopranoL and synchronized
622 with the soprano naming Staff. It will be a musical score(same for bass).@*
623 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------@*
624 By the way,@*
625 @code{\context Voice = "soprano" \context Voice = "bass"} Rewrite this part@*
626 Write @code{\context Staff = "soprano" \context Staff = "bass"} .......@*
627 (verify)@kbd{lilypond --pdf --png example-4.ly}(running) and get example-4.pdf@*
628 @b{@it{It's obvious if you do (there is no lyrics part!?).}}@*
629 @*
630 It is better to write in the staff call of "\new Voice @{" or "\context Voice @{"
631 ....in the composition process, avoiding the staff call of "\new Staff @{" or
632 "\context Staff @{" is more important than its convenience.@*
633 @sp 2
634 @iftex
635 @tex
636 \centerline {\largcmb Automatic processing:}
637 \centerline {\largcmb LilyPond processing result sample(file name is example-5.ly)}
638 @end tex
639 @*
640 Create a example-5.ly file with a text editor as shown below.@*
641 File-name;@ @t{example-5.ly}--------------------------------------------------------
642 @verbatim
643 \version "2.22.2"
644 #(set-global-staff-size 16)
645 \paper{
646 paper-height = 20.00\mm
647 paper-width = 100.00\mm
648 page-top-space = 0.00\mm
649 top-margin = 0.00\mm
650 bottom-margin = 0.00\mm
651 }
652 \header { tagline = \markup { \null } }
653
654 soprano = { \bar " "
655 %% 45-47
656 \time 4/1
657 << { s\breve ees'\breve ~ | ees'1 s1 s\breve } \\
658 { <c' g'>\breve ~ c'\breve ~ | c'\longa ~ } >> |
659 \time 3/2
660 << { s1. } \\ { c'1 s2 } >> \bar "|." \break }
661 \score {
662 \context Voice = "soprano" { \clef soprano \key ees\major \time 3/2
663 \set Staff.instrumentName = "soprano" \soprano }
664 \layout { \override Score.BarNumber.break-visibility = ##(#f #t #t)
665 \set Score.currentBarNumber=45 }
666 }
667 @end verbatim
668 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------@*
669 Where the example-5.ly file is,@*
670 windows OS =====> @t{lilypond --pdf --png example-5.ly}[Enter]@*
671 Linux OS =======$ @t{lilypond --pdf --png example-5.ly}[Enter]@*
672 When you open the created example-5.pdf(example-5.png), it is as follows.@*
673
674 @cartouche
675 @hskip -40pt @image{example-5-1, 6.5in,}
676 @end cartouche
677 @*
678 The 47th bar should be described as @code{c'1 s2 \bar "|." \break}, but
679 since the 46th bar is described separately from the top and bottom ...
680 @code{from the bottom. Since c'\longa ~} and Tie are being sent ...
681 The code description in bar 47 is processed as above. @ @ @b{However},
682 LilyPond's musical score code description is not absolute for each person.@*
683 @Red{With the exception} of LilyPond,
684 @Red{information sent by that staff is received within that staff in principle}.
685 @sp 1
686 Other;@*
687 Lilypond also has a feature called "@Red{ @code {\skip argument}}" that is similar to " @Red{s} " note.
688 (In notation.pdf)It is recommended to verify with(page-59,286,799). @*
689 @end iftex
690 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
691
692 @page
693 @tex
694 \centerline{{\bigcm Refer \#3}}
695 \vskip 2pc
696 @end tex
697 @iftex
698 @*
699 @image{example-7-1, 6.5in}
700 @*
701 @end iftex
702 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
703
704 @page
705
706
707
708
709 @ifnottex
710 @node context Voice, Formatting text, Concept Index, Top
711
712 @unnumbered context Voice
713 @end ifnottex
714
715 @ifhtml
716 @html
717 <blockquote><blockquote><blockquote>
718 <span style="font-size: 18px;">
719 @end html
720 @center @b{Knowledge for writing sheet music(using LilyPond)}
721 @center ---LilyPond language in the description of the musical score manuscript---
722 @cartouche
723
724 @end cartouche
725 LilyPond's default is @b{to read @t{nederlands.ly}(In Nederlands notation)} and process
726 the manuscript given. Strings such as @b{Note Names}@t{(sharp, flat ...)} in music are
727 differences between countries(cultures).@ @ It is necessary to replace it with a target flight.@*
728 Those provided by Lilypond are@*
729 ................ @t{english}.ly , @t{deutsch}.ly , @t{norsk}.ly , @t{svenska}.ly , @t{italiano}.ly ,
730 @t{catalan}.ly , @t{espanol}.ly , @t{portugues}.ly , @t{suomi}.ly , @t{vlaams}.ly ...............@*
731 These are the declaration items at @i{the start of the musical score manuscript file}
732 (described in the order below). For example,
733
734 @html
735 <br />
736 <code>\version "2</code>.<code>24</code>.<code>0"</code><br />
737 <code>\include "italiano</code>.<code>ly"</code><br />
738 <br />
739 @end html
740
741 @i{Version specification}: This manuscript is written in ver2.24.0---.
742 It is a @i{clear statement} to the "lilypond processing (token)".@*
743 In music manuscript coding, lilypond's-running does not choose OS,@*
744 The ly(both old and new manuscript file) will run if it is (@i{LilyPond environment construction})@i{OS},
745 and @i{even in the latest lilypond version}, too.@*
746 @html
747 <hr />
748 @end html
749 Default typesetting is output in Note(@i{quarter}) , Beat(@i{4/4}) , Clef(@i{treble}) , and
750 Major(@i{C}).@*
751 Midi is created with "@i{acoustic grand}(piano)" if there is no designated instrument@*
752 @*
753 @cartouche
754 @html
755 <b>Notes</b>  
756    
757 Scale(pitch) basic code;<br />
758          
759 " <code>c d e f g a b</code> " Scale(pitch explicit symbol)<br />
760 <img src="h-example-1.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><br /><!-- -->
761 @end html
762 @end cartouche
763 @html
764 <b>Notes</b>  
765    
766 Note value(length of note) Basic code;<br />
767 " <code>c d e f g a b</code> " to specify the scale,
768 specify the numerical value " <code>1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128</code> "
769 with the subscript.<br />
770 <i>Descriptions of<i>   
771 "<span style="color: red;">
772 <code> c4   a'1   g,2   ..... </code></span>"
773 <i>as note symbols</i>.<br />
774 @end html
775 @noindent
776 @b{1}(Whole)@result{}@b{2}(Half)@result{}@b{4}(Quarter)@result{}@b{8}(Eigth)@result{}
777 @b{16}(Sixteenth) ...... @*
778 @noindent
779 1=whole sound divided evenly by all sounds, the following diagram;
780 @html
781    (<span style = "color: red;">Rests are also notes</b></span>).
782 @end html
783 @*
784 @html
785 <img src="h-example-2.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><br /><!-- -->
786 <br />
787 In Lilypond, for a note without a note value,
788 <span style="color: red;">
789 the note value is searched before and before it,</span> and the note value
790 <span style="color: red;"> is evaluated</span>.<br />
791 <span style="font-size: 16px">
792 For example; " <code>a4 c8 d e f g r c4</code> " is interpreted as
793 " <code>a4 c8 d8 e8 f8 g8 r8 c4</code> "<br />
794 @end html
795 @sp 1
796 @html
797 <p align="center">
798 ---- \clef treble \key c\major ----<br />
799 As c\major   notes-writing are <t> c' d' e' f' g' a' b'</t> <br />
800          
801          
802          
803          
804          
805     
806 <img src="c-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
807 </p>
808 @end html
809 @ifhtml
810 Major scale list:@*
811 @b{Cycle of 5th: UP @i{and} DOWN}(The minor scale is omitted,
812 there is nature+harmony ...so,there are many sample notations.)@*
813 @*
814 @b{\clef treble \key c\major}
815 @end ifhtml
816 @html
817 <p align="center">
818          
819          
820          
821          
822          
823     
824 <img src="c-major2.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><br />
825 <b>Deployment;</b>
826 </p>
827 <div align="center">
828 <table>
829 <td>
830 <p>
831 \key g\major    <t> c' d' e' fis' g' a' b'</t>
832 <br />
833 <img src="g-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
834 </p>
835 <p>
836 \key d\major    <t> cis' d' e' fis' g' a' b'</t>
837 <br />
838 <img src="d-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
839 </p>
840 <p>
841 \key a\major    <t> cis' d' e' fis' gis' a' b'</t>
842 <br />
843 <img src="a-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
844 </p>
845 <p>
846 \key e\major    <t> cis' dis' e' fis' gis' a' b'</t>
847 <br />
848 <img src="e-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
849 </p>
850 <p>
851 \key b\major    <t> cis' dis' e' fis' gis' ais' b'</t>
852 <br />
853 <img src="b-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
854 </p>
855 <p>
856 \key fis\major    <t> cis' dis' eis' fis' gis' ais' b'</t>
857 <br />
858 <img src="fis-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
859 </p>
860 <p>
861 \key cis\major    <t> cis' dis' eis' fis' gis' ais' bis'</t>
862 <br />
863 <img src="cis-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
864 </p>
865 <p>
866 Here; ..... The changes are now back.<br />
867 (c\major    <t> c' d' e' f' g' a' b'</t>)
868 <br />
869 <img src="c-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
870 </p>
871 </td>
872 <td>
873    
874 </td>
875 <td>
876 <p>
877 \key f\major    <t> c' d' e' f' g' a' bes'</t>
878 <br />
879 <img src="f-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
880 </p>
881 <p>
882 \key bes\major    <t> c' d' ees' f' g' a' bes'</t>
883 <br />
884 <img src="bes-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
885 </p>
886 <p>
887 \key ees\major    <t> c' d' ees' f' g' aes' bes'</t>
888 <br />
889 <img src="ees-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
890 </p>
891 <p>
892 \key aes\major    <t> c' des' ees' f' g' aes' bes'</t>
893 <br />
894 <img src="aes-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
895 </p>
896 <p>
897 \key des\major    <t> c' des' ees' f' ges' aes' bes'</t>
898 <br />
899 <img src="des-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
900 </p>
901 <p>
902 \key ges\major    <t> ces' des' ees' f' ges' aes' bes'</t>
903 <br />
904 <img src="ges-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
905 </p>
906 <p>
907 \key ces\major    <t> ces' des' ees' fes' ges' aes' bes'</t>
908 <br />
909 <img src="ces-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
910 </p>
911 <p>
912 Here; ..... The changes are now back.<br />
913 (c\major    <t> c' d' e' f' g' a' b'</t>)
914 <br />
915 <img src="c-major.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
916 </p>
917 </td>
918 </table>
919 </div>
920 <br />
921 <br />
922 @end html
923 @ifhtml
924 @cartouche
925 meaning;[ -- For example --- @t{\clef treble \key g \major} The specified score is@*
926 ---------------
927 The author; @result{} " @t{f} "(note) must be written as " @t{fis} "(note).@*
928 ---------------
929 The performer; @result{} All " f " notation notes in the score must be played in " fis "(sound). ]@*
930 Or ....
931 meaning;[ -- For example --- @t{\clef treble \key a \major} The specified score is@*
932 ---------------
933 The author; @result{} " @t{c@ @ f@ @ g} "(note) must be written as " @t{cis@ @ fis@ @ gis} "(note).@*
934 ---------------
935 The performer; @result{} All " c@ @ f@ @ g " notation notes in the score must be played in " cis@ @ fis@ @ gis "(sound). ]@*
936 @*
937 ---------------
938 @bullet{} @i{These are the basic precautions when writing a score}.
939 ---------------@*
940 @end cartouche
941 @*
942 A clef is a symbol at the beginning of a line of music, and...
943 Clef is a word(noun) that refers to a state that envelops a kind of diversity.@*
944 Simply put, the clef symbol indicates the (c)position of its Scale(pitch)-on the staff-@*
945 @end ifhtml
946
947 @html
948 </blockquote></blockquote></blockquote>
949 @end html
950
951 @html
952 <blockquote><blockquote>
953 @end html
954 @ifhtml
955 About the \clef and \key:@*
956 Just move the \key sign notation with clef.@ @bullet{}@ But!@ @
957 @result{}@result{}@result{}
958 @i{The description of notes by \key does not change.}@*
959 @end ifhtml
960 @ifhtml
961 @html
962 <span style="font-size: 18px;">
963   
964 <code>\clef ???????</code>  <=====  
965 <code><span style="color: red;">treble</span></code> <i>or</i>
966 <code><span style="color: red;">soprano</span></code> <i>or</i>
967 <code><span style="color: red;">alto</span></code> <i>or</i>
968 <code><span style="color: red;">tenor</span></code> <i>or</i>
969 <code><span style="color: red;">bass</span></code>
970   
971 </span>
972 @end html
973 (LilyPond has othe \clef, too. see==>notation.pdf)@*
974 @end ifhtml
975 @html
976 <br />
977 <div align="center">
978 <table>
979 <td>
980 <p>
981 <img src="clef-g.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
982 </p>
983 <p>
984 <img src="clef-d.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
985 </p>
986 <p>
987 <img src="clef-a.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
988 </p>
989 <p>
990 <img src="clef-e.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
991 </p>
992 <p>
993 <img src="clef-b.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
994 </p>
995 <p>
996 <img src="clef-fis.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
997 </p>
998 <p>
999 <img src="clef-cis.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1000 </p>
1001 </td>
1002 <td>
1003     
1004 </td>
1005 <td>
1006 <p>
1007 <img src="clef-f.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1008 </p>
1009 <p>
1010 <img src="clef-bes.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1011 </p>
1012 <p>
1013 <img src="clef-ees.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1014 </p>
1015 <p>
1016 <img src="clef-aes.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1017 </p>
1018 <p>
1019 <img src="clef-des.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1020 </p>
1021 <p>
1022 <img src="clef-ges.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1023 </p>
1024 <p>
1025 <img src="clef-ces.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1026 </p>
1027 </td>
1028 </table>
1029 </div>
1030 <br />
1031 <br />
1032 @end html
1033 @ifhtml
1034 @cartouche
1035 As you can see, all lilypond outputs automatically typesetting.
1036 The author specified \clef \key \time, and then followed \key.
1037 Just write @t{c d e f g a b }with \time in mind.@*
1038 For example;(soprano.ly)@*
1039 @multitable columnfractions .4 .4
1040 @item
1041 @cartouche
1042 @verbatim
1043 \version "2.22.2"
1044 #(set-global-staff-size 18)
1045 %% #(set-default-paper-size "letter")
1046 \paper { paper-height = 35.00\mm }
1047 soprano = { \autoBeamOff
1048 %% 1-4(1-12)
1049 \repeat volta 2 { \repeat volta 2 {
1050 r8 gis'8[ ais'] b'4. cis''8 disis''!2~ disis''8 | ais'4 dis''2 gis'2. | }
1051 fis'4 e' dis'4. fis'8 e'2 | ais'4 dis''2 gis'2. | } \bar "|."
1052 }
1053 %% get sheet
1054 \score { \context ChoirStaff <<
1055 \context Voice = "SopOne" {
1056 \clef soprano \key b\major \time 3/2 \tempo 4 = 58
1057 \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup{"soprano"} \soprano }
1058 >>
1059 \layout {}
1060 }
1061 %% get midi
1062 \score { <<
1063 \new Staff { \clef soprano \key b\major \time 3/2
1064 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "pad 4 (choir)"
1065 \unfoldRepeats \soprano }
1066 >>
1067 \midi { tempoWholesPerMinute = #(ly:make-moment 58 4) }
1068 }%% End score.
1069 @end verbatim
1070 @end cartouche
1071 @tab
1072 @html
1073 <span style="font-size: 18px;">
1074 Any OS; (prompt)<t>lilypond --pdf --png soprano.ly</t></span>[Enter]<br />
1075 <br />
1076 <p>
1077 <img src="soprano.svg" alt="[picture of music]" /><!-- -->
1078 </p>
1079 <a href="soprano.midi">soprano.midi</a> (<a href="soprano.mp3">soprano.mp3</a>)<br />
1080 @end html
1081 Typesetting is output like this.(midi=It’s a one minute and ten second performance.)@*
1082 @*
1083 @*
1084 @i{This is just an example(because there are various forms of description)}@*
1085 @html
1086 <span style="color: red;">
1087 \soprano
1088 </span>
1089 @end html
1090 means soprano = @{... description ....@} is called to this location for processing.@*
1091 The staff call is usually \new Staff @{@*
1092 However, it is better to call the staff with \context Voice @{@*
1093 @*
1094 Also,
1095 @html
1096 <span style="color: red;">
1097 \context Voice = "SopOne"
1098 </span>
1099 @end html
1100 @{... description ....@}@*
1101 It is an act of giving the name "SopOne" to this music-processed memory stacks.@*
1102 (Because you can specify a word etc. to this "SopOne".)@*
1103 @*
1104 @*
1105 --------
1106 Please refer to "notation.pdf" for the correspondence between note spelling and lyrics.@*
1107 @*
1108 @*
1109 @end multitable
1110 @end cartouche
1111 About \time; For example@*
1112 @code{\time 3/2} describes the score with the length of three half notes as one unit.@*
1113 @result{}@i{The upper number indicates the number of beets par measure}.@*
1114 @result{}@i{The lower number indicates the note that gets one beet(2=half note, 4=quarter note,
1115 8=eight note ...etc}.@*
1116 @end ifhtml
1117 @*
1118 @ifhtml
1119 @html
1120 <br />
1121 <br />
1122 <div align="center">
1123 <span style="font-size: 22px;">
1124 <span style="color: red;">
1125 When writing a score, it is recommended to keep notation.pdf + usage.pdf at hand.<br />
1126 </span></span>
1127 </div>
1128 @end html
1129 @end ifhtml
1130
1131 @html
1132 </blockquote></blockquote>
1133 <br />
1134 <br />
1135 @end html
1136
1137 @end ifhtml
1138
1139
1140 @ignore
1141
1142 @iftex
1143 @headline{@sevenrm Formatting text@hfill @folio}
1144 @end iftex
1145 @tex
1146 \centerline{{\bigcm Formatting text}}
1147 \vskip 2pc
1148 @end tex
1149 @iftex
1150
1151 I'm sorry, I'll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".`@*
1152 @largcmb{
1153 [.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]}@*
1154
1155 @end iftex
1156 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
1157 @page
1158
1159 @end ignore
1160
1161
1162 @ifnottex
1163 @node Formatting text, context Staff, context Voice, Top
1164
1165 @unnumbered Formatting text
1166 @end ifnottex
1167 @ifhtml
1168 @html
1169 <blockquote><blockquote><blockquote>
1170 @end html
1171
1172 I'm sorry, I'll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".`@*
1173 [.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]@*
1174
1175 @html
1176 </blockquote></blockquote></blockquote>
1177 @end html
1178 @end ifhtml
1179
1180
1181 @ignore
1182
1183 @iftex
1184 @headline{@sevenrm context Staff@hfill @folio}
1185 @end iftex
1186 @tex
1187 \centerline{{\bigcm context Staff}}
1188 \vskip 2pc
1189 @end tex
1190 @iftex
1191
1192 I'm sorry, I'll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".`@*
1193 [.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]@*
1194
1195 @end iftex
1196 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
1197
1198 @page
1199
1200 @end ignore
1201
1202
1203 @ifnottex
1204 @node context Staff, context Score, Formatting text, Top
1205
1206 @unnumbered context Staff
1207 @end ifnottex
1208 @ifhtml
1209 @html
1210 <blockquote><blockquote><blockquote>
1211 @end html
1212
1213 I'm sorry, I'll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".@*
1214 [.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]@*
1215
1216 @html
1217 </blockquote></blockquote></blockquote>
1218 @end html
1219 @end ifhtml
1220
1221
1222 @ignore
1223
1224 @iftex
1225 @headline{@sevenrm context Score@hfill @folio}
1226 @end iftex
1227
1228 @tex
1229 \centerline{{\bigcm context Score}}
1230 \vskip 2pc
1231 @end tex
1232 @end iftex
1233 @iftex
1234 @*
1235 @image{example-7-1, 6.5in}
1236 @*
1237 @end iftex
1238 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
1239 @iftex
1240 @sp 1
1241 LilyPond,@*
1242 The outer world of \score called \book {....}, which bundles "the musical scores" and
1243 "scores created by \score{....}" .... has a kind of document world area.
1244 In this area The music cover can also be typeset without relying on @TeX{}.
1245 @vskip 0pt plus 1filll
1246 @page
1247 @iftex
1248 @*
1249 @image{example-8-1, 6.5in}
1250 @*
1251 @end iftex
1252 @end iftex
1253 @page
1254
1255 @end ignore
1256
1257
1258 @ifnottex
1259 @node context Score, , context Staff, Top
1260
1261 @unnumbered context Score
1262 @end ifnottex
1263 @ifhtml
1264 @html
1265 <blockquote><blockquote><blockquote>
1266 @end html
1267
1268 I'm sorry, I'll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".`@*
1269 [.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]@*
1270
1271 @html
1272 </blockquote></blockquote></blockquote>
1273 <br />
1274 <br />
1275 @end html
1276 @*
1277 `:
1278 @end ifhtml
1279
1280
1281 @bye