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It must have been during a rehearsal of the EJE(Eindhoven Youth Orchestra), somewherein 1995 that Jan, one of the cranked violists told Han-Wen, one of the distorted French horn players, about the grand new project he was working on. It was an automated system for printing music (to be precise, it was MPP, a preprocessor for MusiXTeX. As it happened, Han-Wen accidentally wanted to print out some parts from a score, so he started looking at thesoftware, and he quickly got hooked. It was decided that MPP was a dead end. After lots of philosophizing and heated email exchanges, Han-Wen started LilyPond in 1996. This time, Jan got sucked into Han-Wen's new project.Preface(LilyPond)
In some ways, developing a computer program is like learning to play an instrument. In the beginning, discovering how it works is fun, and the things you cannot do are challenging. After the initial excitement, you have to practice and practice. Scales and studies can be dull, and if you are not motivated by others.teachers, conductors or audience. it is very tempting togive up. You continue, and gradually playing becomes a part of your life. Some days it comes naturally, and it is wonderful, and on some days it just does not work, but you keep playing, day after day.
Like making music, working on LilyPond can be dull work, and on some days it feels like plodding through a morass of bugs. Nevertheless, it has become a part of our life, and we keep doing it. Probably the most important motivation is that our program actually does something useful for people. When we browse around the net we find many people who use LilyPond, and produce impressive pieces of sheet music. Seeing that feels unreal, but in a very pleasant way.
Our users not only give us good vibes by using our program, many of them also help us by giving suggestions and sending bug reports, so we would like to thank all users that sent us bug reports, gave suggestions or contributed in any other way to LilyPond.
Playing and printing music is more than a nice analogy. Programming together is a lot of fun, and helping people is deeply satisfying, but ultimately, working on LilyPond is a way to express our deep love for music. May it help you create lots of beautiful music!
Han-Wen and Jan
Utrecht/Eindhoven, The Netherlands, July 2002.
Excerpt from LilyPond[ver1.6-lilypond.pdf-]
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Knowledge for writing sheet music(using LilyPond)—LilyPond language in the description of the musical score manuscript—LilyPond’s default is to read nederlands.ly(In Nederlands notation) and process the manuscript given. Strings such as Note Names(sharp, flat ...) in music are differences between countries(cultures). It is necessary to replace it with a target flight.
Those provided by Lilypond are
................ english.ly , deutsch.ly , norsk.ly , svenska.ly , italiano.ly , catalan.ly , espanol.ly , portugues.ly , suomi.ly , vlaams.ly ...............
These are the declaration items at the start of the musical score manuscript file (described in the order below). For example,
\version "2
.24
.0"
\include "italiano
.ly"
Version specification: This manuscript is written in ver2.24.0—. It is a clear statement to the "lilypond processing (token)".
In music manuscript coding, lilypond’s-running does not choose OS,
The ly(both old and new manuscript file) will run if it is (LilyPond environment construction)OS, and even in the latest lilypond version, too.
Default typesetting is output in Note(quarter) , Beat(4/4) , Clef(treble) , and Major(C).
Midi is created with "acoustic grand(piano)" if there is no designated instrument
Notes Note value(length of note) Basic code;
Notes Scale(pitch) basic code;
"c d e f g a b
" Scale(pitch explicit symbol)
"c d e f g a b
" to specify the scale, specify the numerical value "1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
" with the subscript.
Descriptions of "c4 a'1 g,2 .....
" as note symbols.
1(Whole)⇒2(Half)⇒4(Quarter)⇒8(Eigth)⇒ 16(Sixteenth) ......
1=whole sound divided evenly by all sounds, the following diagram; (Rests are also notes).
In Lilypond, for a note without a note value, the note value is searched before and before it, and the note value is evaluated.
For example; "a4 c8 d e f g r c4
" is interpreted as "a4 c8 d8 e8 f8 g8 r8 c4
"
---- \clef treble \key c\major ----
As c\major notes-writing arec' d' e' f' g' a' b'
Major scale list:
Cycle of 5th: UP and DOWN(The minor scale is omitted, there is nature+harmony ...so,there are many sample notations.)
\clef treble \key c\major
Deployment;
\key g\major
c' d' e' fis' g' a' b'
\key d\major
cis' d' e' fis' g' a' b'
\key a\major
cis' d' e' fis' gis' a' b'
\key e\major
cis' dis' e' fis' gis' a' b'
\key b\major
cis' dis' e' fis' gis' ais' b'
\key fis\major
cis' dis' eis' fis' gis' ais' b'
\key cis\major
cis' dis' eis' fis' gis' ais' bis'
Here; ..... The changes are now back.
(c\majorc' d' e' f' g' a' b' )
\key f\major
c' d' e' f' g' a' bes'
\key bes\major
c' d' ees' f' g' a' bes'
\key ees\major
c' d' ees' f' g' aes' bes'
\key aes\major
c' des' ees' f' g' aes' bes'
\key des\major
c' des' ees' f' ges' aes' bes'
\key ges\major
ces' des' ees' f' ges' aes' bes'
\key ces\major
ces' des' ees' fes' ges' aes' bes'
Here; ..... The changes are now back.
(c\majorc' d' e' f' g' a' b' )
meaning;[ – For example — \clef treble \key g \major The specified score is
————— The author; ⇒ " f "(note) must be written as " fis "(note).
————— The performer; ⇒ All " f " notation notes in the score must be played in " fis "(sound). ]
Or .... meaning;[ – For example — \clef treble \key a \major The specified score is
————— The author; ⇒ " c f g "(note) must be written as " cis fis gis "(note).
————— The performer; ⇒ All " c f g " notation notes in the score must be played in " cis fis gis "(sound). ]
————— • These are the basic precautions when writing a score. —————
A clef is a symbol at the beginning of a line of music, and... Clef is a word(noun) that refers to a state that envelops a kind of diversity.
Simply put, the clef symbol indicates the (c)position of its Scale(pitch)-on the staff-
About the \clef and \key:
Just move the \key sign notation with clef. • But! ⇒⇒⇒ The description of notes by \key does not change.
\clef ???????
<=====treble
orsoprano
oralto
ortenor
orbass
(LilyPond has othe \clef, too. see==>notation.pdf)
As you can see, all lilypond outputs automatically typesetting. The author specified \clef \key \time, and then followed \key. Just write c d e f g a b with \time in mind.
For example;(soprano.ly)
\version "2.22.2" #(set-global-staff-size 18) %% #(set-default-paper-size "letter") \paper { paper-height = 35.00\mm } soprano = { \autoBeamOff %% 1-4(1-12) \repeat volta 2 { \repeat volta 2 { r8 gis'8[ ais'] b'4. cis''8 disis''!2~ disis''8 | ais'4 dis''2 gis'2. | } fis'4 e' dis'4. fis'8 e'2 | ais'4 dis''2 gis'2. | } \bar "|." } %% get sheet \score { \context ChoirStaff << \context Voice = "SopOne" { \clef soprano \key b\major \time 3/2 \tempo 4 = 58 \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup{"soprano"} \soprano } >> \layout {} } %% get midi \score { << \new Staff { \clef soprano \key b\major \time 3/2 \set Staff.midiInstrument = "pad 4 (choir)" \unfoldRepeats \soprano } >> \midi { tempoWholesPerMinute = #(ly:make-moment 58 4) } }%% End score.Any OS; (prompt) lilypond --pdf --png soprano.ly [Enter]
soprano.midi (soprano.mp3)
Typesetting is output like this.(midi=It’s a one minute and ten second performance.)
This is just an example(because there are various forms of description)
\soprano means soprano = {... description ....} is called to this location for processing.
The staff call is usually \new Staff {
However, it is better to call the staff with \context Voice {
Also, \context Voice = "SopOne" {... description ....}
It is an act of giving the name "SopOne" to this music-processed memory stacks.
(Because you can specify a word etc. to this "SopOne".)
——– Please refer to "notation.pdf" for the correspondence between note spelling and lyrics.
About \time; For example
\time 3/2
describes the score with the length of three half notes as one unit.
⇒The upper number indicates the number of beets par measure.
⇒The lower number indicates the note that gets one beet(2=half note, 4=quarter note, 8=eight note ...etc.
When writing a score, it is recommended to keep notation.pdf + usage.pdf at hand.
Next: context Staff, Previous: context Voice, Up: Top
I’m sorry, I’ll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".‘
[.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]
Next: context Score, Previous: Formatting text, Up: Top
I’m sorry, I’ll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".
[.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]
Previous: context Staff, Up: Top
I’m sorry, I’ll omit it. For details, we recommend referring to "notation.pdf".‘
[.....\share\doc\lilypond\html\Documentation\notation.pdf(6,832KB) + usage.pdf(521KB) ]
‘: